THE PROGRAM OF DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPAREDNESS OF MILITARY SERVANTS OF AIRBORNE ASSAULT FORCES OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE TO ACTIVITIES IN BATTLES

The article reveals the main tasks, purpose, content and structure of the program for the development of psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to work in combat conditions "Born – to win" (hereinafter the program). The purpose of the program is not only to provide servicemen of Airborne Assault Forces with knowledge of psychological readiness, functioning of the body in extreme conditions and practical skills of self-regulation, but also to optimize the process of psychological readiness of paratroopers in combat. The main objectives of the program are: development of the motivational sphere, psychological readiness of servicemen for service and combat activities; acquaintance with the concepts of "psychological readiness", "psychological stability", "traumatic factors of modern combat", "preservation of mental health"; formation of a positive attitude to oneself, to the chosen profession, understanding and representation of servicemen's own actions on the battlefield, forecasting possible dangerous situations and making timely and correct decisions to overcome them; formation and development of skills and practical skills necessary for first aid, self-regulation and self-control of emotional state. Paratroopers enrich their professional experience, form and develop skills and abilities necessary to perform tasks on the battlefield in conditions of danger, uncertainty and suddenness, realize their own characteristics (know themselves), improve practical skills of first aid, self-regulation and self-control of emotional state. According to the results of the program is an effective tool for developing the psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.


Introduction
The urgency of the development of the psychological readiness of the servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for activity in combat conditions becomes essential. Paratroopers, according to their specifics of professional activity, perform the most difficult combat tasks not only in the controlled territory, but also in the enemy's rear. So, for example, from July 19 to August 10, 2014 during a raid in the rear of the enemy units of the Airborne Assault Troops passed about 470 km, of which 170 km behind the enemy. It was the longest raid on armored vehicles in recent military history, with fighting in militantcontrolled territory and the first clash with Russian paratroopers with the same symbols: blue berets and vests. During the operation, special attention was paid to the provision of food, fuel and ammunition. Of course, the paratroopers took all the necessary property, food and ammunition with them in the maximum number, as no one would deliver it to the enemy's rear.
In these difficult conditions, each paratrooper relies on his own strength and friendly mutual assistance of colleagues, as well as to obtain trophies, both food, drinking water and Russian equipment, weapons and ammunition, which is identical in modification and can be used by our troops. The servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops faced the most difficult situation, the evacuation of the wounded and killed, which is not possible in the rear, the enemy is everywhere 360 degrees (BBC News Ukraine, date of application 29.06.2021).
Thus, to solve the problem of psychological readiness of paratroopers to work in extreme conditions, a program was developed to develop the psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to work in combat "Born -to win".
Analysis of the state of scientific development of this issue has shown the lack of sufficient scientific work to study the development of psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In general, related to the chosen research topic are the works of V.V. Stasiuk and O.A. Blinov.
Therefore, the urgency of the issue, its lack of development in modern psychology of theory and practice and the outlined contradictions lead to research in a particular direction.
The purpose of the article is to actualize the problem of developing the psychological readiness of paratroopers to work in extreme conditions. Coverage of the results of the development of the program for the development of psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for activities in combat conditions "Born -to win".

The contribution of the main research material
To implement the defined tasks, the interrelated blocks of the program were based on the main components, such as: information-semantic, activity-reflexive, correctionaldevelopmental and diagnostic (Karamushki, 2005: 37).
The informational and semantic component enables the servicemen of the Assault Troops to understand the basic essence of psychological readiness for activity in combat conditions, the functioning of the organism in extreme conditions, the influence of motivation on success, etc. In the program, this component is implemented through selected methods of work: minilectures, group and individual exercises, group discussions and brainstorming.
Activity-reflexive component contributes to the formation and development of psychological readiness of paratroopers to perform assigned tasks, awareness (self-knowledge) of their own actions on the battlefield, overcoming the most difficult situations in danger, uncertainty and suddenness, enriching professional experience, self-regulation, providing the first help and self-control of emotional state, etc. This component is performed through practical exercises and training in the field with modeling of danger and the introduction of various elements inherent in the combat situation.
The correctional and developmental component allows to actualize motivation for self-improvement, positive attitude to oneself, to the chosen profession, realization of selfconfidence, desire for success, effective interaction, career growth, achievement of own life prospects and formation of reflective skills, etc. The selected component is implemented using the following forms and methods: group exercises and individual exercises, analysis of life and professional situations, group discussions, the method of incomplete sentences, The diagnostic component of the program involves the analysis of the main criteria and established indicators of the level of psychological readiness of servicemen of the Assault Troops according to selected methods and a certain structure of components (motivational, cognitive-orientational, operational and emotional-volitional).
The purpose of the program: is not only to provide servicemen of Airborne Assault Forces with knowledge of psychological readiness, functioning of the body in extreme conditions and practical skills of self-regulation, but also to optimize the development of psychological readiness of paratroopers to fight.
Tasks of the program: 1) development of the motivational sphere of servicemen for service and combat activities; 2) acquaintance with the concepts of "psychological readiness", "psychological stability", "traumatic factors of modern combat", "preservation of mental health"; 3) formation of a positive attitude to oneself, to the chosen profession, understanding and representation of servicemen's own actions on the battlefield, forecasting possible dangerous situations and making timely and correct decisions to overcome them. 4) formation and development of skills and practical skills necessary for first aid, selfregulation and self-control of emotional state.
Target category: contract military servicemen serving in the Airborne Assault Troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
General structure of the program. The program "Born -to win" consists of an introduction, 4 interconnected blocks, summarizing and individual psychological counseling with a total duration of 21 hours. The main structure of the program is shown in table 1. Contents of the program. Introduction.

Demonstration of a patriotic video.
Purpose: to evoke in the program participant's emotions that motivate a person to work and achieve a positive result and remind that the protection of the Fatherland, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine, respect for its state symbols is a sacred duty of every citizen of Ukraine.

Self-presentation of the trainer (speaker), bringing to the participants the goals and objectives of the program.
Purpose: to present the facilitator (speaker) and to acquaint the participants with the purpose, tasks and planned activities of the training.

Exercise "Acquaintance"
Purpose: expanded acquaintance and rapprochement of participants.

Exercise "Waiting".
Purpose: to obtain important information from each participant about his expectations from the training.

Exercise "Basic rules of the group".
Purpose: to discuss and adopt the rules of the group, compliance with which during the lesson had a positive impact on the effectiveness of the work.

І. Motivational block
Purpose: to form awareness of servicemen of the positive impact of motivation on achieving success and overcoming difficulties; development of motivation to successfully perform tasks in everyday and combat conditions. Lesson 1.1 "Motivation and its effective impact on the combat activities of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops."

Introduction to the motivational block.
The course of execution. Proving the purpose, tasks, organization and interaction during work.
Purpose: interest of training participants, awareness of life values and the impact of motivation on success, the formation of a positive attitude towards themselves.

Exercise "Motivation for me is…".
Purpose: to encourage training participants to admire, analyze and develop knowledge about the phenomenon of motivation.

Mini-lecture: lecture "Motivation as one of the main factors of success"
Purpose: acquaintance with the concept of "motivation" and its role and place in the life of servicemen; formation of awareness of the positive impact of motivation on success.
Correction and development component:

Exercise "Steps to success"
Purpose: formation of the basic principles of definition of the purpose and ways of its achievement.
6. Summarizing the lesson. Lesson 1.2 "Motivational strategy as an important determinant of successful tasks on the battlefield".

5.
Group discussion on the topic: "Psychological readiness of servicemen: features and ways of its maintenance".
Purpose: development of practical thinking, self-improvement, reflection, use of own experience, representation of own actions on a battlefield, forecasting of possible dangerous situations and acceptance of timely correct decisions for their overcoming.
6. Summarizing the lesson. Purpose: formation of practical thinking, reflection, self-improvement, enrichment of own experience and understanding of own actions on the battlefield.

Mini-lecture on the topic: "Psychological resilience as one of the necessary properties of a serviceman of the Assault Troops to confront the challenges of modern combat"
Purpose: acquaintance with the concept of "psychological stability" and its impact on the course of the combat mission; formation of a conscious idea of their own actions on the battlefield and making timely and correct decisions.
Correction and development component:

The method of incomplete sentences "Reasons for reducing the level of psychological stability on the battlefield"
Purpose: development of skills of practical thinking, self-analysis, reflection, enrichment of own experience, awareness of personal behavior on the battlefield and the emergence of possible negative influences on the course of combat missions.

Group discussion on the topic: "Ways to restore psychological stability"
Purpose: formation of abilities and skills of practical thinking, self-analysis, reflection, interaction in collective, enrichment and use of own experience, motivation for success.
Diagnostic component:

Psychological diagnosis.
Purpose: to measure individual psychological differences in group members, to establish effective changes and qualitative characteristics of the impact of the motivational block of the program on servicemen.

ІІІ. Operating block.
Purpose: formation and development of psychological readiness of servicemen of Airborne Assault Troops for activity in combat conditions. Lesson 3.1 "There is such a profession -to defend the Motherland. Professional activity of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Troops during the performance of assigned tasks".

Introduction to the operating unit.
Information and semantic component:

Brainstorming on the topic: "Quotes that inspire and lead to victory"
Purpose: to stimulate creative thinking, activity, reflection, self-belief and victory in the battlefield, the discovery of the essence and use in later life of useful expressions of prominent military leaders and people.

Time: 10 minutes
Purpose: awareness of their own mental states, work on improving emotional feelings, the formation of skills and abilities to relieve internal tension, self-regulation.

Exercise "My expectations and further wishes"
Purpose: analysis of experience gained during the program, establishing feedback.

Individual psychological counseling.
Purpose: to provide psychological assistance to servicemen in solving life problems.

Conclusions
The analysis of the results of the implementation of the program for the development of psychological readiness of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to work in combat conditions "Born -to win" shows its effective results. There is a significant advantage of statistical data between the experimental and control groups on the level of psychological readiness of paratroopers and their motivational orientation to perform tasks on purpose; skills and practical skills necessary for first aid, self-regulation and selfcontrol of emotional state. The program can be used during the training of Airborne Assault Troops in the process of psychological training of military servicemen under the contract of military units of the "platoon -battalion".