FEATURES OF THE GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF MILITARY LIFE DURING THE FIRST AND SECOND WORLD WARS AND IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD

Yaryna Horichko

doi:10.23856/5834

Yaryna Horichko Lviv Polytechnic National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-4228

Keywords: periodical publication, printed products, graphic design, agitation, propaganda.

Abstract

The work examines the issue of the peculiarities of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and in the interwar periods. The impact of military conflicts on art and the graphic reaction to the events of that time is analyzed. Accordingly, the purpose of the work is reduced to a comprehensive comparative analysis of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and in the interwar periods. The article reflects a variety of techniques for the visual transmission of military life, including drawing, painting, posters, and photographs. The desire for conventional forms of conveying images of war is due to the importance of symbolic subtexts. The role of art in the transmission of emotions, moods and messages about war events, as well as the influence of these representations on public opinion and consciousness, has been studied and defined. Changes in the graphic representation of military life during the period of the First and Second World Wars, from realistic images to more abstract and symbolic approaches, are studied. Due to this, the role of artists, photographers, and other creative personalities in shaping the image of military life is identified and it is shown how these changes reflect the social, political, and cultural changes of that time. The interaction of various ways of generalizing this problem with conventional methods of expression and innovations in stylistics is emphasized. Features of the Soviet poster, which characterized the development of this art form in the postwar period, are systematized. In general, the article offers an in-depth analysis of the graphic representation of military life during the First and Second World Wars and the interwar period. It promotes understanding of the importance of art and graphic images in reproducing historical events and reflecting the moods and emotions of the time.

References

1. Bondar, Yu. (2014). Posters, posters, and leaflets in the context of social and political communications. Bulletin of the Book Chamber, 7, 1-7 [in Ukrainian].
2. Hladun, O. (2018). Ukrainian Poster of the Second World War: Content and Form. Art History of Ukraine, 18, 39–45 [in Ukrainian].
3. Skulysh, Ye. D. ed. (2012). History of Information and Psychological Confrontation: a textbook / Ya. M. Zharkov, L. F. Kompantseva, V. V. Ostroukhov, V. M. Petryk, M. M. Prysiazhniuk, Ye. D. Skulysh; edited by Ye. D. Skulysh K.: Scientific and Publishing Department of the National Security Service of Ukraine. [in Ukrainian].
4. Koliada, I. A., Maievskyi, O. O. (2012). National Images in the Ukrainian Poster of the World War. Ukraine in the ethnocultural dimension of the centuries: a collection of scientific works. Kyiv: Drahomanov National Pedagogical University, 2, 357–367 [in Ukrainian].
5. National University of Ostroh Academy (2007). Proceedings of the Second International Scientific Conference “Ukrainian Diaspora: Problems of Research”. Ostroh: Publishing House of the National University of Ostroh Academy [in Ukrainian].
6. Orlyk S. (2022). Posters and leaflets in propaganda of war loans in the russian empire during the first world war. Society. Document. Communication, 1(13), 208–228. https://doi.org/10.314 70/2518-7600-2021-13-208-228 [in Ukrainian].
7. Skrypnyk, P. (2020). Posters as a Source of Research on Socio-Political Processes in Ukraine in the 20s of the ХХ century. Scientific works of the National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, 60, 137–157 [in Ukrainian].
8. Tykhonenko, O. (2017). The Second World War in Fine Arts Publications: From the Collections of the Book Chamber of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Book Chamber, 1, 42–49. [in Ukrainian].