DIRECT RENIN INHIBITORS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION TREATMENT
Keywords:
hypertension, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, renin inhibition
Abstract
High blood pressurewas the leading cause of death and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Despite progress in treatment of hypertension, a number of people with uncontrolled or resistant hypertension increases. Hypertensive disorders are strongly linked with an overactive renin-angiotensin aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been a highly successful pharmacologic target, as the system is strongly implicated in the development of hypertension-related target organ damage.Inhibition of renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, using inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme or angiotensin II receptor blockers, is an effective way to intervene with the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension.Renin inhibitors block the renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemat the highest level, at its origin, and might thus offer a new exciting approach for pharmacotherapy of hypertension. Aliskiren, an octanamide, is the firstof a new class of completely non-peptide, low-molecular-weight, orally active transition-state renin inhibitors and only approved for the treatment of hypertension.summarizes the available data on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of aliskiren and its clinical role for treatment of arterial hypertension.
References
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Wal, P., Wal, A., Rai, A. K., Dixit, A. (2011). Aliskiren: An orally active renin inhibitor. J Pharm Bioallied Sci., No. 3 (2), 189-193. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.80764. [in English].
Waldmeier, F., Glaenzel, U., Wirz, B., Oberer, L., Schmid, D., Seiberling, M., et al. (2007). Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in healthy volunteers. Drug Metab Dispos., No. 35, 1418–1428. doi:10.1124/dmd.106.013797. [in English].
Whelton, P.K., andt al. (2017). ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/ NMA/PCNA. Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension, 70 (6). doi.org/10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065. [in English].
World Health Organization. (2013). A global brief on hypertension 2013. Geneva, World Health Organization. [in English].
Zannad, F. (Moderator), Anker, S. D., Ruilope, L. M., Kosiborod, M. (Faculty). (2016). Optimising Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor Therapy in Heart Failure and Resistant Hypertension: Challenges and Solutions. ESC 2016. Meeting summary. European Medical Journal, No.1 (4), 19-26. [in English].
Atlas, S. A. (2007). The renin-angiotensin aldosterone system: pathophysiological role and pharmacologic inhibition. J Manag Care Pharm, No. 13(8), 9-20. doi:10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.s8-b.9. [in English].
ESH/ESC. (2013) Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal, 34 (28), 2159 - 2219. doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht151. [in English].
Ferrari, R. (2013). RAAS inhibition and mortality in hypertension. Glob Cardiol Science and Practice, No. 3, 269 - 278. doi: 10.5339/gcsp.2013.34. [in English].
Ghazi, L., Drawz, P. (2017). Advances in understanding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in blood pressure control and recent pivotal trials of RAAS blockade in heart failure and diabetic nephropathy [version 1; referees: 3 approved], 6, 297. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.9692.1. [in English].
Katsi, V., Skalis, G., Pavlidis, A. N., Makris, T., Nihoyannopoulos, P., Tousoulis, D., Kallikazaros, I. (2015). Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696: a novel targeted therapy for arterial hypertension? European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, No. 1 (4), 260–264. doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvv031. [in English].
Macit, C., Mercanoglu, G., Mercanoglu, F. (2015). A direct renin inhibitor aliskiren: re-evaluation of effectiveness. J. Drug. Metab. Toxicol., No. 6, 185. doi: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000185. [in English].
Morishita, Y., Kusano, E. (2013). The effects of direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren, on arterial hypertension, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease: optimal pharmacotherapy. Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medical Chemistry, No. 11(3), 77-82. [in English].
Müller, D. N., Luft, F. C. (2006). Direct Renin Inhibition with Aliskiren in Hypertension and Target Organ Damage. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, No. 1, 221-228. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01201005. [in English].
Musini, V. M., Lawrence, K. A. K., Fortin, P. M., Bassett, K., Wright, J. M. (2017). Blood pressure lowering efficacy of renin inhibitors for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4, CD007066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007066.pub3. [in English].
Nissenson, A. R., Fine, R. N. (2017). Handbook of Dialysis Therapy (Fifth Edition), pages i–ii. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-39154-2.00099-0. [in English].
Pantzaris, N-D., Karanikolas, E., Tsiotsios, K., Velissaris, D. (2017). Renin Inhibition with Aliskiren: A Decade of Clinical Experience. J. Clin. Med., No. 6 (6), 61. doi:10.3390/jcm6060061. [in English].
Pool, J. L. (2007). Direct renin inhibition: Focus on aliskiren. J Manag Care Pharm, No. 13, 21–33. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.s8-b.21. [in English].
Popov, V.V., Bulanov, N.A., Ivanov, G.G. (2012). Current target of antihypertensive therapy. data from clinical trials. part 1. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology, No. 8(1), 88-94. doi:10.20996/1819-6446-2012-8-1-88-94. [in English].
Sanoski, C. A. (2009). Aliskiren: an oral direct renin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension. Pharmacotherapy, No. 29 (2), 193-212. doi: 10.1592/phco.29.2.193. [in English].
Saseen, J. J. (2013). Pharmacologic Management of Hypertension. Cardiovascular Therapeutics: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease (Fourth Edition), 474-489. [in English].
Sen, S., Ufuktepe, B., Ozunal, Z. G., Uresin, Y. (2014). Renin inhibitors in diabetes and hypertension: an update. EXCLI Journal, No. 13, 1111-1119. [in English].
Sica D. A. (2009). Renin–Angiotensin Blockade: Therapeutic Agents. Textbook of Nephro-Endocrinology, 189-201. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-373870-7.00015-6. [in English].
Staessen, J. A., Li, Y., Richart, T. (2006). Oral renin inhibitors. Lancet, 368, 1449–56. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69442-7. [in English].
Stanton, A., Jensen, C., Nussberger, J., O'Brien, E. (2003). Blood pressure lowering in essential hypertension with an oral renin inhibitor, aliskiren. Hypertension, No. 42 (6), 1137-1143. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000101688.17370.87. [in English].
Vaclavik, J., Sliva, J. (2014). ACE Inhibitors or Sartans in the Treatment of Hypertension: A Needless Discussion? J Hypertens, No. 3, 191. doi:10.4172/2167-1095.1000191. [in English].
Wal, P., Wal, A., Rai, A. K., Dixit, A. (2011). Aliskiren: An orally active renin inhibitor. J Pharm Bioallied Sci., No. 3 (2), 189-193. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.80764. [in English].
Waldmeier, F., Glaenzel, U., Wirz, B., Oberer, L., Schmid, D., Seiberling, M., et al. (2007). Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in healthy volunteers. Drug Metab Dispos., No. 35, 1418–1428. doi:10.1124/dmd.106.013797. [in English].
Whelton, P.K., andt al. (2017). ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/ NMA/PCNA. Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension, 70 (6). doi.org/10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065. [in English].
World Health Organization. (2013). A global brief on hypertension 2013. Geneva, World Health Organization. [in English].
Zannad, F. (Moderator), Anker, S. D., Ruilope, L. M., Kosiborod, M. (Faculty). (2016). Optimising Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor Therapy in Heart Failure and Resistant Hypertension: Challenges and Solutions. ESC 2016. Meeting summary. European Medical Journal, No.1 (4), 19-26. [in English].
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Published
2017-12-28
How to Cite
Meretskyi, V., Meretska, I., Kulyanda, O., & Kamtoh, G. (2017). DIRECT RENIN INHIBITORS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION TREATMENT. Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 25(6), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.23856/2515
Section
Medical Science
