THE POLITICS OF LUSTRATION IN UKRAINE AND POLAND (COMPARATIVE STUDY)
Keywords:
lustration, purification of power, law, political regime, political system, responsibility
Abstract
The aim of this paper to analyse politics of lustration in Ukraine and Poland based on national and international lustration legislation. The main feature of lustration in Poland is that it was “soft” – it did not provide for the removal of a deputy's mandate or the dismissal of former functionaries of the communist regime, but only for their acknowledgment of work in state security bodies or their tacit cooperation with such bodies and only when a person submitted false information or concealed facts about such work or cooperation, they were dismissed from office with a ban on further holding responsible state positions for up to ten years. Lustration in Ukraine is analysed for compliance with the international legal acts on lustration and preliminary results are summed up following the declared objectives. lustration in Ukraine was one of the toughest in Europe. The main peculiarity of lustration in Ukraine is its introduction immediately and not soon, but almost a quarter of a century after the collapse of the communist regime and its application primarily to political rivals (officials and officers of the Yanukovych regime), rather than functionaries of the former communist regime.
References
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11. Vasilchenko, V. (2019). Liustratsyia ne to, chem ona kazhetsia. Kak stranы Vostochnoi Evropy razbyralys so svoym nedavnym proshlym. [Lustration is not what it seems. How the countries of Eastern Europe dealt with their recent past]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: zona. media/article/2019/11/13/lustratio. [in Russian].
12. Vodo, V., Gabuev, A. (2007). Zakon o svobode proshloho. V Polshe peresmotrely zakon “O liustratsyy”. [The law of freedom of the past. In Poland, the law “On lustration” was revised]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: kommersant.ru/doc/765201. [in Russian].
13. Zadorozhny, Y.A. (2017). Liustratsiia yak sposib onovlennia derzhavnoi vlady [Lustration as a tool of state power renovation]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia : Pravo. – Vol. 44(1). [in Ukrainian].
14. Zakon Ukrainy (2014) Pro ochyshchennia vlady No. 1682-VII. [Law of Ukraine on Purification of Power]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: ttp://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1682-18. [in Ukrainian].
15. Zinchenko, A. (2013). Pochemu Polshe udalos? Liustratsyia y obshchaia dekommunyzatsyia kak эkonomycheskye faktorы. Chast 2. [Why did Poland succeed? Lustration and general decommunization as economic factors. Part 2.]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: http://argumentua.com/stati/pochemu-polshe-udalos-lyustratsiya-i-obshchaya-dekommunizatsiya-kak-ekonomicheskie-faktory-cha. [in Russian].
2. Dziennik Ustaw. (1997). Ustava z dnia 11 kwietnia 1997 r. o ujawnieniu pracy lub sluzbi w organach bezpieczenstwa panstwa lub wspolpracy z nimi w latach 1944-1990 osob pelniacych funkcje publiczne (Dziennik Ustaw. 1997 nr 70 poz. 443) / Internetowy System Aktow prawnych. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet? id=WDU19970700443. [in Polish].
3. Dziennik Ustaw. (2006). Ustava z dnia 18 pazdziernika 2006 r. o ujawnieniu informacji o dokumentach organow bezpieczenstwa panstwa lat 1944-1990 oraz tresci tych dokumentow // Dziennik Ustaw. 218. S.10809-10837 / Internetowy System Aktow prawnych. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20062181592+2007%2403%2415&min=1. [in Polish].
4. Kovalchuk, V. (2017). Liustratsiia yak mekhanizm zakhystu osnov demokratii ta prav liudyny v Ukraini. [Lustration as a mechanism for protecting the foundations of democracy and human rights in Ukraine]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu “Lvivska politekhnika”. Yurydychni nauky. No. 865. [in Ukrainian].
5. Kutepov, M., Levitsky, S. (2018). Liustratsiia yak zasib zapobihannia koruptsii [Lustration as a tool of prevention of corruption]. Molodyi vchenyi., No. 1(2). [in Ukrainian].
6. Malkina, G. (2019). Liustratsiia yak forma politychnoi vidpovidalnosti v Ukraini [Lustration as a form of political responsibility in Ukraine]. Virtus: Scientific Journal. No.32. [in Ukrainian].
7. Rafal, A. (2015). Рафал Анастасия. Kak prokhodyla liustratsyia v Polshe: “Razvedku y kontrrazvedku mы sozdaly praktychesky zanovo”. [As the lustration took place in Poland: “We have created intelligence and counterintelligence almost anew.”]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: cripo.com.ua/processes/?p=205801/. [in Russian].
8. Rezoliutsiia 1096 (1996) “Pro zakhody shchodo likvidatsii spadshchyny kolyshnikh komunistychnykh totalitarnykh system”. Parlamentska asambleia Rady Yevropy. [Resolution 1096 (1996) “On measures to eliminate the legacy of the former communist totalitarian systems”. Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: http://www.viaduk.net/clients/vsu/vsu.nsf/(documents)/9CCC052FF67F623FC2257D-9E0041D022?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,%ЕF%F0%EE. [in Ukrainian].
9. Shishkina, E. (2017). Liustratsiia i prava liudyny [Lustratia and human rights]. Naukovi zapysky NaUKMA. Yurydychni nauky. – Vol. 200. [in Ukrainian].
10. Turchyn, Y. (2015). Liustratsiia yak zasib demokratyzatsii politychnoi systemy Ukrainy [Lustration as a tool of political system democratization in Ukraine]. Humanitarian Vision. – Vol. 1, No. 1. [in Ukrainian].
11. Vasilchenko, V. (2019). Liustratsyia ne to, chem ona kazhetsia. Kak stranы Vostochnoi Evropy razbyralys so svoym nedavnym proshlym. [Lustration is not what it seems. How the countries of Eastern Europe dealt with their recent past]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: zona. media/article/2019/11/13/lustratio. [in Russian].
12. Vodo, V., Gabuev, A. (2007). Zakon o svobode proshloho. V Polshe peresmotrely zakon “O liustratsyy”. [The law of freedom of the past. In Poland, the law “On lustration” was revised]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: kommersant.ru/doc/765201. [in Russian].
13. Zadorozhny, Y.A. (2017). Liustratsiia yak sposib onovlennia derzhavnoi vlady [Lustration as a tool of state power renovation]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia : Pravo. – Vol. 44(1). [in Ukrainian].
14. Zakon Ukrainy (2014) Pro ochyshchennia vlady No. 1682-VII. [Law of Ukraine on Purification of Power]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: ttp://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1682-18. [in Ukrainian].
15. Zinchenko, A. (2013). Pochemu Polshe udalos? Liustratsyia y obshchaia dekommunyzatsyia kak эkonomycheskye faktorы. Chast 2. [Why did Poland succeed? Lustration and general decommunization as economic factors. Part 2.]. [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from: http://argumentua.com/stati/pochemu-polshe-udalos-lyustratsiya-i-obshchaya-dekommunizatsiya-kak-ekonomicheskie-faktory-cha. [in Russian].
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Published
2021-02-05
How to Cite
Shliakhtun, P., & Malkina, G. (2021). THE POLITICS OF LUSTRATION IN UKRAINE AND POLAND (COMPARATIVE STUDY). Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 40(3), 231-240. https://doi.org/10.23856/4030
Section
INNOVATION, WORK, SOCIETY
