ESTABLISHMENT OF BASIC APPROACHES TOWARDS FOREIGN POLICY OF CANADA
Słowa kluczowe:
global politics, trade and economic cooperation, international organizations, national interests, defense system
Abstrakt
The article deals with Canada’s foreign policy conceptual orientations on the world arena. Historically, Canada’s endeavor to define its position on both global and regional levels correlated with a number of factors, like the impact of the world super-powers, establishing international organizations (UN, NATO, OSCE), relations with the European countries in the realm of integrational processes on the European continent. The aim of the article is analysing basic principles of foreign policy formation in a post-war period and covering the main approaches: Continentalism, Europeanism and Internationalism. Methods of research involve systemic and chronological approach in theoretical analysis based on transdisciplinary scholars’ investigation. The outcome of the research ensures multilateral approach towards realizing Canada’s role in the world politics. Chronological analysis of transatlantic policy may result as follows: Canadian foreign policy effectively involves alternative external orientations, aimed at diversification of international relations, with the objective of its personal role as both neutral and active representative of international environment.
Wykaz bibliografii
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25. Leblond, P. and Olteanu-Strachinescu, M. A. (2009). Le libre-échange avec l’Europe. Quel est l’intérêt pour le Canada? Politique étrangère du Canada, 15(1), 60–76.
26. Lee, St. (2000). The Axworthy Years. Humanist Activism and Public Diplomacy. Canadian Foreign Policy, 8(1), 1–10.
27. Lipset, S. (1990). Continental Divide. The Values of the United States and Canada. London: Routledge.
28. Long, D. (2003). Transatlantic Relations and Canadian Foreign Policy. International Journal, 58(4), 591–614.
29. Lyon, P. (1989). The Evolution of Canadian Diplomacy since 1945. In: P. Painchaud (ed.). From Mackenzie King to Pierre Trudeau: forty years of Canadian diplomacy, 1945-1985. Quebec City: Laval University Press.
30. Maloney, S. (2005). The Roots of Soft Power. The Trudeau Government, De-NATO-ization and Denuclearization. Martello Papers, 27, 132.
31. Mérand, F. and Vandermoortele, A. (2009). L’Europe dans la culture stratégique canadienne, 1949–2009. Études internationales, 40(2), 241–259.
32. Powell, N. (2020, January 25). Trade end run. National Post, FP1.
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34. Ripsman, N. (2001). Big Eyes and Empty Pockets. The Two Phases of Conservative Defence Policy. In: N. Michaud, K. Nossal (eds.). Diplomatic departures: the Conservative era in Canadian foreign policy, 1984-93. Vancouver: UBC Press.
35. Robertson, C. (2019, May). Positioning Canada in a messy world. Calgary: Canadian Global Affairs Institute.
36. Robinson, B. (1989). Diefenbaker’s World. A Populist in Foreign Affairs. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
37. Roussel, S. and Robichaud, Ch. (2004). L’État postmoderne par excellence? Internationalisme et promotion de l’identité internationale du Canada. Études internationales, 35(1), 149–170.
38. Sloan, E. (2019, May 14). Like it or not, the U.S. needs to be a key part of Canada’s nextgen jet procurement process. The Globe and Mail.
39. Sharp, M. (1972). Canada-US Relations: Options for the future. International perspectives. Ottawa: Department of External Affairs. Special Issue, 24.
40. Tessier, M. and Fortmann, M. (2001). The Conservative Approach to International Peacekeeping. In: N. Michaud, K. Nossal (eds.). Diplomatic departures: the Conservative era in Canadian foreign policy, 1984–93. Vancouver: UBC Press.
41. Welsh, J. (2004a). At Home in the World: Canada’s Global Vision for the 21st Century. Toronto: Harper Collins.
42. Welsh, J. (2004b). Canada in the 21st Century: Beyond Dominion and Middle Power. The Round Table, 93(376), 583–593.
2. Barry, D. (2003). Managing Canada-US Relations in the Post 9/11 Era. Do We Need a Big Idea? Policy Papers of the Americas, 14(11), 20.
3. Bennett, J. (2004). The anglosphere challenge: why the English-speaking nations will lead the way in the twenty-first century. Toronto: Rowman & Littlefield.
4. Bernard-Meunier, M. (2006). Did you Say Europe? How Canada Ignores Europe and Why That is Wrong. In: A. F. Cooper and D. Rowlands (eds.). Canada among Nations, 2006: Minorities and Priorities. Montréal, Quebec: McGill-Queens University Press.
5. Bratt, D. (2017). Implementing the reform party agenda. Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 24(1), 1–17.
6. Burney, D. (2005). A Time for Courage and Conviction in Foreign Policy. Options politiques, 26(2), 28–31.
7. Caouette, D. (2009). Le multilatéralisme émergent en Asie. Nouvelles dynamiques regionals et nouveaux défis pour le Canada. Montréal: Fondation Asie-Pacifique.
8. Clark, C. (2016, March 30). Liberals’ new foreign policy ends up in familiar territory. Globe and Mail.
9. Courchene, T. (2003). FTA at 15, NAFTA at 10: a Canadian perspective on North American integration. North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 14, 263–285. doi:10.1016/S1062-9408(03)00018-4
10. Clearwater, J. (1998). Canadian Nuclear Weapons. The Untold Story of Canada’s Cold War Arsenal. Toronto: Dundurn Press.
11. Gotlieb, A. (2003a). The paramountcy of Canada-US relations. National Post, 22(May), A.20.
12. Gotlieb, A. (2003b). No access, no influence. National Post, 3(December), A.18.
13. Gotlieb, A. (2005с). Romanticism and Realism in Canada’s Foreign Policy. Options politiques, 26(2), 16–27.
14. Granatstein, J. (2003). The Importance of Being Less Earnest. Promoting Canada’s National interests through Closer Ties with the US. Toronto: CD Howe Institute.
15. Haglund, D. (2005). Canada and the Anglosphere. In, Out, or Indifferent. Policy Options, 2, 72–76.
16. Harper, S. (2018). Right here, right now: Politics and leadership in an age of disruption. Toronto: Signal.
17. Hart, M. (2003). Lessons from Canada’s history as a trading nation. International Journal, 58(1), 25–42.
18. Hillmer, N. (2005). The Secret Life of Canadian Foreign Policy. Policy Options, 2, 32–33.
19. Holmes, J. (1976). Shadow and substance: diplomatic relations between Britain and Canada. In: P. Lyon (ed.). Britain and Canada: Survey of a Changing Relationship. London: Frank Cass.
20. Johnson, J. (2019, November 26). Section 232 auto threat expires. Toronto: C.D. Howe Institute.
21. Johnson, P. (2014). The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the European Union. European Foreign Affairs Review, 19(4), 479–482.
22. Keenan, G. and Chase, S. (2017, October 13). Forget TPP until NAFTA deal is done: Auto groups. The Globe and Mail, B1.
23. Kirton, J. (2007). Canadian Foreign Policy in a Changing World. Toronto: Thomson Nelson.
24. Kukucha, C. J. (2018). Neither adapting nor innovating: The limited transformation of Canadian foreign trade policy since 1984. Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 24(3), 301–315.
25. Leblond, P. and Olteanu-Strachinescu, M. A. (2009). Le libre-échange avec l’Europe. Quel est l’intérêt pour le Canada? Politique étrangère du Canada, 15(1), 60–76.
26. Lee, St. (2000). The Axworthy Years. Humanist Activism and Public Diplomacy. Canadian Foreign Policy, 8(1), 1–10.
27. Lipset, S. (1990). Continental Divide. The Values of the United States and Canada. London: Routledge.
28. Long, D. (2003). Transatlantic Relations and Canadian Foreign Policy. International Journal, 58(4), 591–614.
29. Lyon, P. (1989). The Evolution of Canadian Diplomacy since 1945. In: P. Painchaud (ed.). From Mackenzie King to Pierre Trudeau: forty years of Canadian diplomacy, 1945-1985. Quebec City: Laval University Press.
30. Maloney, S. (2005). The Roots of Soft Power. The Trudeau Government, De-NATO-ization and Denuclearization. Martello Papers, 27, 132.
31. Mérand, F. and Vandermoortele, A. (2009). L’Europe dans la culture stratégique canadienne, 1949–2009. Études internationales, 40(2), 241–259.
32. Powell, N. (2020, January 25). Trade end run. National Post, FP1.
33. Report to the Canada-European Union Joint Cooperation Committee (2011). Available: http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/eu-ue/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/2011jcc-cmc.aspx
34. Ripsman, N. (2001). Big Eyes and Empty Pockets. The Two Phases of Conservative Defence Policy. In: N. Michaud, K. Nossal (eds.). Diplomatic departures: the Conservative era in Canadian foreign policy, 1984-93. Vancouver: UBC Press.
35. Robertson, C. (2019, May). Positioning Canada in a messy world. Calgary: Canadian Global Affairs Institute.
36. Robinson, B. (1989). Diefenbaker’s World. A Populist in Foreign Affairs. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
37. Roussel, S. and Robichaud, Ch. (2004). L’État postmoderne par excellence? Internationalisme et promotion de l’identité internationale du Canada. Études internationales, 35(1), 149–170.
38. Sloan, E. (2019, May 14). Like it or not, the U.S. needs to be a key part of Canada’s nextgen jet procurement process. The Globe and Mail.
39. Sharp, M. (1972). Canada-US Relations: Options for the future. International perspectives. Ottawa: Department of External Affairs. Special Issue, 24.
40. Tessier, M. and Fortmann, M. (2001). The Conservative Approach to International Peacekeeping. In: N. Michaud, K. Nossal (eds.). Diplomatic departures: the Conservative era in Canadian foreign policy, 1984–93. Vancouver: UBC Press.
41. Welsh, J. (2004a). At Home in the World: Canada’s Global Vision for the 21st Century. Toronto: Harper Collins.
42. Welsh, J. (2004b). Canada in the 21st Century: Beyond Dominion and Middle Power. The Round Table, 93(376), 583–593.
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Opublikowane
2023-06-01
Jak cytować
Antokhiv-Skolozdra, O., & Sholota, K. (2023). ESTABLISHMENT OF BASIC APPROACHES TOWARDS FOREIGN POLICY OF CANADA. Periodyk Naukowy Akademii Polonijnej, 56(1), 301-311. https://doi.org/10.23856/5643
Dział
INNOWACJA, PRACA, SPOŁECZEŃSTWO
